Science and Culture of Romania

According to topschoolsintheusa, the Romanian Academy was founded in 1879, it has 14 departments and 3 regional centers in Cluj-Napoca, Iasi, Timisoara. A network of research institutes and scientific societies has been created. Scientific schools in the field of geology, biology, chemistry, medicine, and agronomy have been developed.

The system of secondary education consists of preschool (3-7 years), secondary (1st stage – 9 years of education, 2nd, giving the right to enter higher educational institutions – 10-12 years and 10-13 years). There is a system of vocational training institutions (2-4 years) and vocational schools (1-3 years) that train qualified specialists for various branches of the economy. Along with state educational institutions, there are private ones established on a cooperative basis. In 2002, there were 49 public and 6 private universities in Romania: Bucharest, Iasi, Cluj-Napoca, Craiova, Galati, Timisoara are major centers of university education.

The formation of the national culture was strongly influenced by the complex historical process of the creation of the Romanian state, the peculiarities of the culture of the peoples living on the territory of Romania. In the monasteries in the north of Moldova (Voronets, Moldovitsa, and others), Byzantine frescoes (16th century) have been preserved. In Iasi in the 17th century. the Slavic-Greek-Latin Academy was created; in Wallachia in the 17th-18th centuries. under the reign of Constantine Brankoveanu, a special architectural style (“bryncovenesque”) arose, which combined the influence of the Italian Renaissance, Baroque and the East. Painting schools opened in the 2nd floor. 19th century in Iasi and Bucharest, had close ties with the French school in Barbizon. The artists Nikolay Grigorescu (1838-1907), Ion Andreescu (1850-82), Teodor Aman (1831-91) gained wide popularity. In the interwar period, Stefan Lukian created his works,

The work of the country’s greatest poet, Mihai Eminescu (1850–89), is multifaceted. Revolutionary and romantic motifs sounded in the poems and dramas of Vasile Alexandri (1821-90). The social theme formed the basis of many works by Mihai Sadoveanu (1880-1961), Liviu Rebreanu (1895-1944), Camila Petrescu (1894-1957).

The works of Ion Creanga (1837-80) are closely connected with folk art. The largest playwright of the country, Jon Luca Caragiale (1852-1912), left a large dramatic and journalistic legacy. In the 2nd floor. 20th century prose writers Marin Preda (1922-81), August Buzura (1938), poets – Nikita Stanescu (1933-83), Ana Blandiana, Nina Casian worked.

Professional drama theaters began to be created in the 19th century, among them – the National Theater. I.L. Caragiale in Bucharest. Prominent figures of the theater were Lucia Sturdza-Bulandra, Gheorghe Vraka, Grigore Vasiliu Barlic, Silvia Popovic, Radu Beligan, Victor Rebenchuk and others.

Romania has a developed musical culture, represented by folk ensembles, professional opera and philharmonic groups. World famous violinist, composer, conductor Jorge Enescu (1881-1955). A strong school of vocalists has developed (Elena Cernei, Nicolae Herla, Dan Iordachescu, Mariana Nicolesco, Angela Georgiou and others).

Education of Romania

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