Abbreviated as OK on abbreviationfinder.org, Oklahoma is one of the 48 states of the North American Confederation, in the Central Southwest section, located between 33 ° 35 ′ and 37 ° lat. N. and 94 ° 29 ‘and 103 ° of long. O. It borders Colorado and Kansas to the north (37th parallel); to the west with New Mexico and Texas; to the south with Texas (the Red River serves as a border); to the east with Arkansas and Missouri. It covers an area of 181,440 sq km. and has an average height of 400 m., with a maximum of 1440 m. in the Black Mesa in the extreme north-western section and the minimum of 90 m. in Mc Curtain County on the southeastern edge of the state. The eastern section is dominated by the Ozark Mountains, which have a northeast -SO direction, a chain of hills, which gradually decreases in height, from the Winding Stair, Kiamichi, Pine, which reach the maximum heights between 700 and 800 meters. In the southern part rise the Arbuckle mountains (427 m), the Table Hills and further west the Wichita mountains. The north-western part of the state is instead made up of a large plateau, which is part of the Great Plains Region, which extends east of the Rocky Mountains. The average annual temperature of the state is 15 °, 5 and is fairly uniform from place to place: winters are always above freezing (+ 0.5 in January in Beaver, in the north-west section; + 5 °, 5 at Healdton in the south-east section); the very hot summers (26 °, 6 in Beaver, in July; 28 °, 3 in Lehigh); enormous changes in temperature, with very accentuated absolute maximums and minimums. The rains are abundant with an average of 800 mm., More abundant in the eastern part (877 mm. in Lehigh) and in the western one (Mangum 635 mm., Reaver 472 mm.); spring rains prevail. The wide treeless plains are beaten by violent winds and characterized by an accentuated temperature difference between day and night. All the waterways that cross the state have a prevalent direction NO.-SE. and they are all tributaries of the Mississippi: the two major arteries are Arkansas, with the great tributaries Cimarron and Canadian, and the Red River, which collects the waters of the southern portion of the state. The population has risen from 258,657 residents in 1890 to 790,391 in 1900, to 2,028,283 in 1920, to 2,396,040 in 1930. The average density of the state is 13 inhabitants per sq. km: the minimum values are offered by the counties of the north-west (some with less than 3 inhabitants per sq. Km.), While those of the center and of the
According to the 1930 census, 16 cities exceeded 10,000, rising to a maximum of 185,389 for Oklahoma City (v.). In 1930 the population was made up as follows: Whites 88.6%; Negroes 7.2%; other races 4.2%; of these, the largest group is made up of the Indians (74,825 in 1920; 92,725 in 1930). The white element born abroad is scarce, equal to 26,753 individuals, of which 5893 Germans, 3613 Russians, 3462 English, Welsh, Scottish and Northern Irish, 2119 Canadians, 1867 Czechoslovakians, 1162 Poles, 1157 Italians.
The geographical position and the good environmental and morphological conditions have allowed a magnificent road and rail development: but inland navigation has very little importance. The 465 km railways. in 1880 they rose to about 11,000 in 1931.
History
The territory bearing this name was formed by Congress in 1834 and used for the use of 5 Indian tribes. Between 1820 and 1851 the federal government entered into a series of treaties with these tribes, assigning a northern strip across the width of the territory (with the exception of the northeast corner) to the Cherokee; this area is always called the Cherokee strip. The southern part, that is, south of the Canadian and Arkansas rivers, belonged to the Choctaws and Chickasans; to the Seminoli the part between the Canadian river and its northern branch (North fork); and at the Creek all the rest up to the Cherokee strip. During the civil war these tribes, who owned slaves, fought on the side of the Confederates, and therefore after the conclusion of the peace the federal government, in 1866, he abrogated the treaties in force on the pretext of redistributing the lands, also attributing them to the emancipated. The vast areas thus obtained were only in a small part allotted to the old tribes and to many other Indian tribes; a huge territory remained that on April 22, 1889, President Harrison opened for colonization by the Whites: at that moment more than 20,000 people were ready at the border to rush towards the possession of the new lands. Following further negotiations with the Indians, in 1904 the whole territory was opened to the Whites. Based on the Dawes Commission report of 1893 and the Curtis Act of 1898, the federal government in 1906 approved the entry into the Union, as a single state, of the Indian Territory and that part which in 1890 had been detached as ”
Given the state’s mineral wealth, many of these Indians are in very flourishing conditions. The capital, which was in Guthrie until 1910, was transported to Oklahoma City in that year. Oklahoma has always been loyal to the Democratic party.
Oklahoma City
According to countryaah.com, the city is located in an important district for agriculture (cotton), livestock, mineral wealth (oil and derivatives) and is therefore a large commercial and industrial center. In the various activities 84,200 people over the age of 10 were employed in 1930, of which 21,100 in various industries and crafts (meat industry, milling, cotton oil, petroleum, etc.), 14,859 in trade and transport. It is an active aviation and rail hub and is home to Oklahoma City University and the University of Oklahoma Medical Faculty, which is headquartered in Norman.
