Abbreviated as FL on abbreviationfinder.org, Florida is the most south-eastern state of the North American Confederation, which occupies the entire peninsula of the same name and a thin strip of territory overlooking the northeast section. of the Gulf of Mexico; it borders in north with Georgia and Alabama, while in other parts it is surrounded by the sea. The surface of the state is 151,939 sq km, of which over 13,000 sq km. occupied by lake basins.
Demographic conditions
The first census, carried out in the state in 1830, gave 34,730 individuals present, which had risen to 87,445 in 1850: at the end of the nineteenth century it exceeded half a million inhabitants, and these rose to 752,619 in 1910, to 968,470 in 1920 and to 1,468,211 in 1930. The highest percentage increases occurred in the decade 1840-50 and in the last period 1920-30. The population lives divided into 67 counties. The counties with the highest absolute population are those of Dade (142,955 residents), Hillsborough (153,519 residents), Duval (155,503 residents). The state’s average density is 9-10 residents per sq.km.; the maximums occur in the three previous counties and in that of Pinellas: all four overlook the sea and see the most populous inhabited areas of the state rise within their borders. From the ethnic point of view, the 1920 census gave the following figures: Whites 65.9% Negroes 34%; Indians, Chinese, etc., 0.1%; the state one of 1925 respectively 68%, 31.9%, 0.1%. The black element is numerous, especially in the northern counties, where agriculture is most developed. In 1925, 5.5% of the white population was born abroad. The most represented nationalities were those of Cuba, Canada, England, Italy (4780 individuals), Spain, Germany, all with 4000 or more individuals each. 5% of the white population was born abroad. The most represented nationalities were those of Cuba, Canada, England, Italy (4780 individuals), Spain, Germany, all with 4000 or more individuals each. 5% of the white population was born abroad. The most represented nationalities were those of Cuba, Canada, England, Italy (4780 individuals), Spain, Germany, all with 4000 or more individuals each.
Even in Florida the urban population is constantly increasing: it represented 20.3% in 1900: it rose to 29.1% in 1910; to 36.7% in 1920. The 1930 census gives 14 cities with 10,000 or more inhabitants. Three of these exceed 100,000 inhabitants, namely: Tampa in Hillsborough County, at the mouth of the Hillsborough River in Tampa Bay, with 101,161 inhabitants; Miami, in Dade County with 110,637 residents (in 1900 there were only 1681 residents), finally Jacksonville in the county of Duval, in the wide estuary of the St. Johns River, a short distance from the Atlantic Ocean, which, with its 129,549 inhabitants, is the most populous city of Florida. All the other centers have fewer than 50,000 residents each: among the most notable we will mention West Palm Beach, in Palm Beach County, with 26,610 inhabitants, Orlando, in Orange County, with 27,330 individuals, Pensacola, in the county of Escambia, with 31,579 and finally St. Petersburg, in the county of Pinellas, with 40,425 residents Except Orlando, all the other centers are located on the sea or in immediate contact with it.
History
We have seen (see above: Explorations) how with the foundation of St. Augustine (1565) Pedro Menéndez de Avilés can be considered the real occupier of the peninsula by Spain. In 1584 S. Agostino was destroyed by the Drake and from then until 1763 the history of the peninsula offers only a long series of guerrillas and robberies between northern English and Spanish settlers, who, moreover, were very scarce. The latter had spread the word – and, perhaps, it was a bad joke – that the country was among the richest in the world. But by now no one believed in this wealth anymore, and the region was given, out of contempt, the epithet of Stolida or Sordida. In France, low love adventures were called aventures de Floride. With the peace of Paris of 1763 Spain, which also ceded Louisiana to France, gave Florida to the British, in order to have Havana (Cuba) returned to them. In October, a royal decree created the governments of East and West Florida, giving full powers to the governors, with a promise to later grant the privileges of the other colonies. It was not possible, however, to convene assemblies, as foreigners were in a large majority. And in 1780, the Spaniards, rushed to help the Americans, drove the English out of Florida. Napoleon then threw his eyes on it and made vain efforts to buy it from Spain. Three years later President Jefferson went so far as to threaten war on Spain, to procure at least part of that region. In the midst of so many aspirants, the Spanish governors no longer knew whether they owed obedience to Napoleon, the king of Spain, the English navy, although, with the treaty of 1795, Spain had promised Washington not to give hospitality to the enemies of the United States. The unsuccessful attempt to create an independent state of West Feliciana, on the Mississippi, belongs to 1810.
Meanwhile the population became more and more Anglo-Saxon: already at the end of the American Revolution, many Tories they had taken refuge there. Therefore, in 1819, Spain was almost happy to cede Florida, behind the American renunciation of Texas and all of Western America between the Rio Grande and the Sabine River, and south of the 42nd parallel. The treaty was not ratified before 1821. Its application gave rise to many difficulties especially for the archives, which had been brought to Cuba. A. Jackson was appointed governor with unlimited powers, and aroused so much discontent that he soon had to be recalled. Immediately after 1819 a wave of immigrants began from all parts of the Union; and in March 1822 Florida was recognized as a Union territory. Not only the continuous discords between the eastern and western regions, but also the indigenous people caused great unrest, which culminated in the Seminole war, 1835-42: noble struggle, which ended tragically, as the Indian chief Osceola fell for treason into the hands of the Whites, and the Indians who remained alive were deported beyond the Mississippi. In March 1845 Florida was admitted to the Union as a slave state, coupled with Iowa, a free state. On January 10, 1861, Florida voted to secede from the Federation, 62 to 7, and joined the Confederate Congress, validly taking part in the civil war. The deed of secession was revoked in Tallahassee in October 1865; the government reorganized the following year; a new statute adopted and ratified in 1868, by which the state could regain its place in the Union.
Tallahassee
According to countryaah.com, Tallahassee is the capital of the state of Florida (United States), and capital of Leon County. Founded in 1824, at 49 meters above sea level, it has a subtropical climate with an annual average of 19 °, 4 (11 °, 6 in January, 26 °, 6 in July), abundant rainfall, equal to 1455 mm., With prevalence of the summer months. It is a small town, with 1616 inhabitants in 1840, rising to 2981 in 1900, to 5637 in 1920, to 10,700 in 1930 (57.9% of Whites, indigenous and born to totally and partially foreign parents; 1% of Whites born abroad; 41.1% of Negri). The city is located in a district of intense agriculture and livestock and is important as a capital and center of studies (Florida State College for Women, founded in 1905; museums, libraries); it is served by the Seabord Air Line.
